Vehicle speed is a key factor affecting the level of noise generated from a given road. In general terms, as vehicle speed increases, so does the level of noise. Although it is theoretically possible to manage noise levels by changing posted speed limits, in New Zealand such changes must be made in accordance with Land Transport Rule: Setting of Speed Limits 2003 and its amendments. The rule is administered by the New Zealand Transport Agency and is primarily focussed on the safety and efficiency of road networks. It does not consider the relationship between traffic speed and noise.

In urban areas, traffic calming measures can be more effective than simply altering speed limits. This is particularly so in residential areas. Typical traffic calming measures may include road narrowing, traffic islands, pavement changes and speed humps. Accessibility for large and emergency vehicles needs to be maintained.

Travel demand management is aimed at reducing the total number of vehicles on a transport network, fundamentally by reducing the need to travel, use of alternative modes such as public transport and encouraging multiple occupancy of vehicles. Reducing the volume of traffic on a particular road will reduce the noise emissions. However, significant volume reductions are required to make a noticeable change to noise emissions.